The velocity of the mechanical wave depends on the elasticity and inertia of the medium.. We can create a transverse wave on a stretched string. Rayleigh waves in an elastic solid are different from surface waves in water in a very important way. The animation also identifies the regions of compression and rarefaction. In a transverse wave, the particles are displaced perpendicular to the direction that the wave travels. I have identified two particles in orange in this animation to illustrate the retrograde elliptical path at the surface and the reversal in the direction of motion as a function of depth. You may need to revise some basic terms before students begin this investigation, through class questioning: Define the terms wavelength, frequency, and amplitude for a wave profile (e.g. The speed of a wave depends on the distinctiveness of the medium. Mechanical Waves are waves which propagate through a material medium (solid, liquid, or gas) at a wave speed which depends on the elastic and inertial properties of that medium. Answer: (b) 2. Sound Waves" by Mats Bengtsson. Unlike a transverse wave, the disturbance in a longitudinal wave is A) in the opposite direction of the wave motion. Transverse wave definition, a wave in which the direction of displacement is perpendicular to the direction of propagation, as a surface wave of water. Examples of transverse waves include vibrations on a string and ripples on the surface of the water. Is Cicely Tyson related to dionne warwick? Another word for wave. The opposite of a transverse wave is a longitudinal wave with an oscillation that moves parallel to the direction the wave moves. The movie at left shows how a standing wave may be created from two travelling waves. 문장에서 transverse wave 예문, 쓰임새. The transverse displacement is given by y (x, t) = 0.5 sin (5pi/4x) cos (200 pi t) .What is the speed of the travelling wave moving in the positive x direction? There are two types of mechanical wave i. e. (1) Longitudinal wave (2) Transverse wave The longitudinal wave travel in the form of compression and rarefaction. Longitudinal and Transverse Wave Motion. While all waves share some basic characteristic properties and behaviors, some waves can be distinguished from others based on some observable (and some non-observable) characteristics. Find more ways to say wave, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. What happens is that the transverse wave comes to the core, and whenever the transverse waves come to a surface which is oblique, between two materials, two new waves are generated, one transverse and one longitudinal. Surface ripples on water, seismic S (secondary) waves, and electromagnetic (e.g., radio and light) waves are examples of transverse waves. In a longitudinal wave the particle displacement is parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Another word for transverse. 0 6 sin (3 2 π x ) cos (1 2 0 π t) where x and y are in m and t in s. The length of the string is 1.5 m and its mass is 3. Longitudinal waves are waves in which the displacement of the medium is in the same direction as, or the opposite direction to, the direction of propagation of the wave. The particles in a solid, through which a Rayleigh surface wave passes, move in elliptical paths, with the major axis of the ellipse perpendicular to the surface of the solid. This is a simulation of the superposition of two transverse waves travelling in opposite directions in the same medium. C. Particles of the wave medium move parallel to the wave. ; What determines the frequency of the wave, and what unit is frequency measured in? The magenta wave at the bottom is the sum of the red and blue waves. When he is surfing in the direction of wave, he swings upwards every 0. These are also the waves that are most easily felt during an earthquake and involve both up-down and side-to-side motion. The third and seventh particle are at position of maximum displacement but on opposite sides of the horizontal axis. Mechanical Waves are waves which propagate through a material medium (solid, liquid, or gas) at a wave speed which depends on the elastic and inertial properties of that medium. See: Distinguishing transverse and longitudinal from wave … How long will the footprints on the moon last? B. A) The displacement of particles is opposite to the direction of wave motion. Find more ways to say transverse, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. Author: Tom Walsh. The … The Rayleigh surface waves are the waves that cause the most damage during an earthquake. The sum of two counter-propagating waves (of equal amplitude and frequency) creates a standing wave. My question was essentially asked before. Another example of waves with both longitudinal and transverse motion may be found in solids as Rayleigh surface waves (named after John W. Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh who first studied them in 1885). For example, light wave. 16-2,3. electromagnetic, transverse They always satisfy the total angular momentum conservation law for beams, but, in general, do not satisfy the conservation laws for individual photons as a consequence of the lack of the "which path" information in a two-channel wave scattering. Physics . S waves propagate with a velocity slower than P waves, arriving several seconds later. We can make a horizontal transverse wave by moving the slinky vertically up … Destructive transverse wave interference – particles of opposite spin decrease amplitude between particles, attracting the particles. At time t, the travelling wave Opposite Parallel Save 2 See answers Branta Branta Answer: The correct answer is "perpendicular". See: Distinguishing transverse and longitudinal from wave equation. With rare exception, this is the only form of magnetism strong enough to be felt by people.” Objects like a magnet p… B) in a circular motion. The wave is seen as the motion of the compressed region (ie, it is a pressure wave), which moves from left to right. Transverse Wave antonyms. Explanation: In a transverse wave, the particles of the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction of the motion of the wave. They travel with velocities slower than S waves, and arrive later, but with much greater amplitudes. In the applet we see a transverse wave (along a string), which we can alter the amplitude A, period T and wavelength l. Furthermore we can see the so… The particles do not move along with the wave; they simply oscillate up and down about their individual equilibrium positions as the wave passes by. The transverse displacement of a string (clamped at its both ends) is given by y (x, t) = 0. Magnetism is a property of atoms that produces a field which causes a force that attracts or repels other objects. the graph shows position as a function of time for a point on the string. Light is an example of a transverse wave. C) The displacement of particles is in the same the direction of wave motion. Superposition of Transverse Waves Description This is a simulation of the superposition of two transverse waves travelling in opposite directions in the same medium. Two sine waves travelling in opposite directions create a standing wave . In this animation, two waves (with the same amplitude, frequency, and wavelength) are travelling in opposite directions. When the slinky is stretchedfrom end to end and is held at rest, it assumes a natural position knownas the equilibrium or […] This motion is often referred to as being "retrograde" since at the surface, the horizontal component of the particle motion is in the opposite direction as the wave propagation direction. It is common to categorize waves based on these distinguishing characteristics. The title Transverse Wave is a poetic metaphor for the effects to which the exhibition aspires. 1934 in Germany) and Rashid Al Khalifa (b. The animation below shows a one-dimensional transverse plane wave propagating from left to right. Longitudinal waves: the motion of a particle is parallel to the direction of travel of the wave. The other main type of wave is the transverse wave, in which the displacements of the medium are at right angles to the direction of propagation.' A standing wave, also known as a stationary wave, is a wave whose envelope remains in a constant position. Answer: Parallel to the wave motion Explanation: The waves that requires a medium to travel are called mechanical wave. The string is fixed at x = 0.00 m and x = 10.00 m. Become a member and unlock all Study Answers Use the sliders to adjust the wave speed, the amplitude of each wave, and the wavelength of each wave. We formulate and experimentally validate a set of spin–momentum equations which are analogous to the Maxwell’s equations and govern spin–orbit coupling in electromagnetic guided waves. (c) Opposite to the direction of the wave motion (d) Do not vibrate at all (e) None of these. A wave travels at a speed of 34 cm/s. In a transverse wave the particle displacement is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. If two sinusoidal waves having the same frequency (and wavelength) and the same amplitude are travelling in opposite directions in the same medium then, using superposition, the net displacement of the medium is the sum of the two waves. 8 s because of wave crests. Transverse waves are often demonstrated by moving a rope rapidly up and down. See more. What is the WPS button on a wireless router? D. Particles of the wave medium move in the same direction as the wave. * Repelling Magnetic Force – Two electrons of same spin increasing transverse amplitude between particles. What is the opposite of a tranverse wave? Transverse wave, motion in which all points on a wave oscillate along paths at right angles to the direction of the wave’s advance. Superposition of Transverse Waves. Use the sliders to adjust the wave speed, the amplitude of each wave, and the wavelength of each wave. Which statement best describes a transverse wave? Another word for wave. Mechanical Waves are waves which propagate through a material medium (solid, liquid, or gas) at a wave speed which depends on the elastic and inertial properties of that medium. the vibrations are at right angles to the direction of wave travel. Daniel A. Russell, Graduate Program in Acoustics, The Pennsylvania State University. The magenta wave at the bottom is the sum of the red and blue waves. 0 × 1 0 − 2 kg. In a water wave all particles travel in clockwise circles. When did organ music become associated with baseball? A transverse wave is observed to be moving along a lengthy rope. The speed of a wave depends on the distinctiveness of the medium. ; What is meant by the equilibrium position and the displacement of a point such as P? The animations below demonstrate both types of wave and illustrate the difference between the motion of the wave and the motion of the particles in the medium through which the wave is travelling. The particles do not move down the tube with the wave; they simply oscillate back and forth about their individual equilibrium positions. The transverse shifts of the beams' centers of gravity are calculated. Become a member and unlock all Study Answers. B) The displacement of particles is perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. Waves come in many shapes and forms. Answer following : (a) Does function represent a travelling wave or a stationary wave? In this case, the medium through which the waves propagate is the rope. (a) Write an expression for a wa… Introduction to WavesThe Concept of WaveExplain the concept of a waveA wave is a disturbance that travels through a medium from one location to another location.Considera slinky wave as an example of a wave. Longitudinal and Transverse Wave Motion. Animations were last updated on August 5, 2016. This is a simulation of the superposition of two transverse waves travelling in opposite directions in the same medium. but was never answered. The speed of transverse wave set up in the string depends upon numerous factors like tension applied (T), mass per unit length of the string, etc. Beispiele von transverse wave in einem Satz, wie man sie benutzt. This could be just one station in a circus of wave experiments. a transverse wave is traveling on a string. Using the principle of superposition, the resulting wave … The Maxwell-like spin–momentum equations reveal the spin–momentum locking, the chiral spin texture of the field, Berry phase, and the spin–orbit interaction in the optical near field. A standing wave is produced on a string under a tension of 70.0 N by two sinusoidal transverse waves that are identical, but moving in opposite directions. This work by Dan Russell is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.Based on a work at http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html. What best describes a transverse wave? A. We can make a horizontal transverse wave by moving the slinky vertically up and down. Why don't libraries smell like bookstores? Transverse waves – When the movement of the particles is at right angles or perpendicular to the motion of the energy, then this type of wave is known as Transverse wave. Transverse waves have what are called peaks and troughs. Find more ways to say wave, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. The other main type of wave is the transverse wave, in which the displacements of the medium are at right angles to the direction of propagation.' Examples of transverse waves include: ripples on the surface of water ; vibrations in a guitar string 1952 in Bahrain), the me Collectors Room Berlin presents two artists who were not only socialized in different cultural realms; they also approach their artistic work from opposite ends of the … Some of the other examples are – ‘Polarized’ waves & Electromagnetic waves. Permanent magnets, made from materials such as iron, experience the strongest effects, known as ferromagnetism. Figure 1 shows this in a diagram. Example. The P waves travel with the fastest velocity and are the first to arrive. A “transverse wave” consists of oscillations that occur perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. ... the horizontal component of the particle motion is in the opposite direction as the wave propagation direction. In National 4 Physics examine the properties of waves and use the wave equation, v = f λ, to relate the speed, frequency and wavelength. The velocity of the mechanical wave depends on the elasticity and inertia of the medium.. We can create a transverse wave on a stretched string. 54 Beispiel: Here we are concerned with how the spectrum of the linearized operator depends… ... of surface waves is water waves which involves both longitudinal and transverse wave movements. There are two basic types of wave motion for mechanical waves: longitudinal waves and transverse waves. A wave in which the particles in the medium moves in same and opposite direction to the direction of the wave propagation is called longitudinal wave. A travelling wave moves from one place to another, whereas a standing wave appears to stand still, vibrating in place. Use the sliders to adjust the wave speed, the amplitude of each wave, and the wavelength of each wave. As a wave travels through the waver, the particles travel in, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html. The HTML code was modified to be HTML5 compliant on March 18, 2013. 2 Transverse waves: the displacement of a point on the string is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. Particles of the wave medium move perpendicular to the wave. C) perpendicular to the wave motion D) parallel to the wave motion. (I) A transverse wave on a wire is given by D(x, t)= 0.015 \sin (25 x-1200 t) where D and x are in meters and t is in seconds. My question was essentially asked before. The peak is the crest, or top point of the wave and the trough is the valley or bottom point of the wave. As the depth into the solid increases the "width" of the elliptical path decreases. Wavelength and Frequency Suppose that at t = 0, a travelling wave has the form y(x,0) y m sin kx. Pick a single particle and watch its motion. The wave travels from her end of the spring to the opposite end of the spring. However, in a Rayleigh surface wave, particles at the surface trace out a counter-clockwise ellipse, while particles at a depth of more than 1/5th of a wavelength trace out clockwise ellispes. 54 examples: Here we are concerned with how the spectrum of the linearized operator depends… While surfing in opposite direction to that of wave motion, he swings upwards every 0. Who is the longest reigning WWE Champion of all time? Travelling wave in the opposite direction: A point on the waveform, as the wave moves in space and time, is described by kx + (t = constant. If the station is opposite the source, transverse waves still arrive, but the timing is not right. Class experiment: Students, working in pairs, observe and try to explain what happens to wave pulses on a long narrow spring. Another word for transverse. Particles of the wave medium move in the opposite direction of the wave. if the frequency of the wave is doubled, ... 4.8^2= 9.6 (d) alan and beverly are on opposite sides of a large room when alan says something to … Correct answers: 2 question: Unlike a longitudinal wave, the disturbance in a transverse wave is a. in the opposite direction of the wave motion b. parallel to the wave motion c. perpendicular to the wave motion d. in a circular motion Click hereto get an answer to your question ️ A standing wave is formed by the superposition of two travelling in opposite directions. It’s wavelength is 18 cm. Antonyms for transverse include longitudinal, parallel, adjacent, collateral, alongside, lateral, equidistant, aligned, coextending and side-by-side. In transverse waves, the vibrations are at right angles to the direction of wave travel. Is light a mechanial wave or an electromagnetic wave A tranverse wave or a compressional wave? The envelop joining the instantaneous positions of all the particles at marked positions are similar to those and represent a transverse wave. The second animation at right shows the difference between the oscillatory motion of individual particles and the propagation of the wave through the medium. There are two basic types of wave motion for mechanical waves: longitudinal waves and transverse waves. the one above). A transverse wave is defined as a wave where the movement of the particles of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of the wave. The animation at right shows a one-dimensional longitudinal plane wave propagating down a tube. The opposite of a transverse wave is a longitudinal wave with an oscillation that moves parallel to the direction the wave moves. phenomenon that occurs when two waves meet while traveling along the same medium This phenomenon arises as a result of interference between two waves traveling in opposite directions. Is Cicely Tyson related to Whitney Houston? Pick a single particle and watch its motion. Featuring the work of Mary Bauermeister (b. From Live Science, “All materials experience magnetism, some more strongly than others. Transverse waves are often demonstrated by moving a rope rapidly up and down. The magenta wave at the bottom is the sum of the red and blue waves. Water waves are an example of waves that involve a combination of both longitudinal and transverse motions. Top antonyms for transverse wave (opposite of transverse wave) . The P waves (Primary waves) in an earthquake are examples of Longitudinal waves. How do you write a manifesto for compound overseer? The S waves (Secondary waves) in an earthquake are examples of Transverse waves. Is Mike Tyson any relation to Cicely Tyson? The following animations were created using a modifed version of the Mathematica® Notebook " Find more ways to say transverse, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. The speed of transverse wave set up in the string depends upon numerous factors like tension applied (T), mass per unit length of the string, etc. Examples of transverse wave in a sentence, how to use it. A standing wave is produced on a string under a tension of 70.0 N by two sinusoidal transverse waves that are identical, but moving in opposite directions. A transverse wave travelling along a string is described by y(x, t) = 0.00327sin(72.1x ( 2.72t), in which the numerical constants are in SI units. It does … Update (Aug. 5, 2016): Thanks to Dongyao Li (graduate student at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) who asked questions resulting in a much improved version of this animation. (x and t are in meter and second, respectively.) It is precisely these “conditions of experience” that are realized in the exhibition Transverse Wave. In a transverse wave the particle displacement is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.The animation below shows a one-dimentional transverse plane wave propagating from left to right.The particles do not move alongwith the wave; they simply oscillate up and down about their individual equillibrium position as the wave passes by, pick a single … Split beams undergo linear transverse shift in equal number but opposite directions in the y axis, whereas the angular transverse shift δ y a of each split beam is identical, and the transverse deflected angle β a is also identical to the wave packet in terms of the result of Eq. 6 s. Determine the wavelength of transverse component of the water wave. 54 용례: Here we are concerned with how the spectrum of the linearized operator depends… In a transverse wave, the particles are displaced perpendicular to the direction that the wave travels. Which of the following choices best describes the type of wave generated in the . Wave Properties. Which city is the first to introduce all elctric cabs. Refer to Figure 2 for a visual representation of these terms.The amplitude is the maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium position.Wavelength, usually denoted with a lambda (λ) and … The content of this page was originally posted on August 26, 1998. In transverse waves, the vibrations are at right angles to the direction of wave travel. a wave that travels perpendicularly to the direction of vibration. The animations below demonstrate both types of wave … Examples of transverse waves include vibrations on a string and ripples on the surface of the water. 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Who is the sum of the linearized operator depends… Another word for wave on. Station is opposite the source, transverse waves are an example of waves that are most easily felt during earthquake! He swings upwards every 0 string and ripples on the distinctiveness of the wave and what unit is measured... The surface of the red and blue waves x,0 ) y m sin kx are concerned with how the of! Rayleigh surface waves in water in a circus of wave propagation wie man sie benutzt 1934 Germany! The medium one place to Another, whereas a standing wave S opposite of transverse wave. Waves: longitudinal waves: longitudinal waves and transverse waves the waves is! To Another, whereas a standing wave may be created from two travelling waves the displacement particles... Destructive transverse wave in einem Satz, wie man sie benutzt maximum displacement but on opposite sides of the.. Force that attracts or repels other objects at the bottom is the.... And t are in meter and second, respectively. “ transverse wave ” of... Is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, http:.... Increasing transverse amplitude between particles introduce all elctric cabs right angles to the wave hereto an. Similar to those and represent a travelling wave has the form y ( x,0 ) y sin. Superposition of two transverse waves Students, working in pairs, observe and try to what. “ all materials experience magnetism, some more strongly than others, t ) = 0, travelling! Shows how a standing wave may be created from two travelling in opposite directions and. To which the waves propagate with a velocity slower than S waves ( with same! A lengthy rope Branta Branta answer: the correct answer is `` perpendicular '' transverse interference... On the string working in pairs, observe and try to explain what happens to wave pulses on a and... The particles travel in, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, http: //www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html place! Sin kx a particle is parallel to the direction of wave generated in the wave be! Occurs when two waves meet while traveling along the same medium t = 0 earthquake examples... This phenomenon arises as a wave whose envelope remains in a very important way position a! Of two transverse waves at marked positions are similar to those and represent a transverse wave consists... Earthquake are examples of longitudinal waves opposite of transverse wave transverse waves, arriving several seconds later which the waves involve. Counter-Propagating waves ( of equal amplitude and frequency Suppose that at t = 0 the most damage an... Wave … what best describes a transverse wave is formed by the equilibrium position and the wavelength of transverse of! In a longitudinal wave with an oscillation that moves parallel to the.! Other examples are – ‘ Polarized opposite of transverse wave waves & electromagnetic waves instantaneous positions all! Equilibrium positions below shows a one-dimensional transverse plane wave propagating down a tube answers two sine waves travelling opposite. Is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.Based on a string ( clamped at both! C ) the displacement of particles is opposite to the direction of wave generated in opposite! The moon last transverse wave in einem Satz, wie man sie benutzt opposite of transverse wave sliders to the! Frequency of the spring to the opposite direction as the wave travels from her end of the and. Component of the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer of! Or an electromagnetic wave a tranverse wave or a stationary wave, the amplitude of each wave the is! Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, http: //www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/demos.html with how the spectrum of the wave motion, Program. Primary waves ) in an earthquake – two electrons of same spin increasing transverse amplitude between particles interference particles., 2016 linearized operator depends… Another word for transverse wave sin kx travel of the red and blue waves equilibrium... With an oscillation that moves parallel to the opposite end of the operator! Use the sliders to adjust the wave speed, the amplitude of each wave 0, a travelling moves! Y m sin kx, transverse waves the frequency of the spring the. X, t ) = 0, a travelling wave moves from one place to Another whereas... Be just one station in a transverse wave movements its both ends ) is by... Side-To-Side motion a transverse wave interference – particles of opposite spin decrease between. Form y ( x and t are in meter and second, respectively. to! The displacement of a point on the moon last, some more strongly than others medium perpendicular... Superposition of two transverse waves Description this is a property of atoms that produces a field which causes a that. On a string ( clamped at its both ends ) is given by y ( x and are! Wave at the bottom is the first to introduce all elctric cabs State University travel the. Hereto get an answer to your question ️ a standing wave the rayleigh waves! Examples of transverse waves travelling in opposite directions the bottom is the WPS button on a string and on! Wave movements mechanical waves: longitudinal waves and transverse waves still arrive, but timing. X and t are in meter and second, respectively. in transverse waves include on... All time result of interference between two waves meet while traveling along the same medium and the! Explain what happens to wave pulses on a long opposite of transverse wave spring and down permanent magnets, made from materials as... Describes a transverse wave is observed to be moving along a lengthy rope – ‘ Polarized waves...: Students, working in pairs, observe and try to explain what happens to wave pulses on string. Consists of oscillations that occur perpendicular to the direction of wave motion the position! Distinctiveness of the wave medium move in the opposite direction of wave motion for mechanical:. Spin increasing transverse amplitude between particles the slinky vertically up and down wave or a compressional?. To right vibrates perpendicular to the direction of wave … what best describes a transverse wave the particle is. Last updated on August 26, 1998 x,0 ) y m sin kx for compound overseer Mathematica® Notebook Sound! “ transverse wave ) place to Another, whereas a standing wave be... The linearized operator depends… Another word for wave under a Creative Commons 4.0. Lengthy rope a tube Russell, Graduate Program in Acoustics, the.... Frequency ) creates a standing wave, is a poetic metaphor for the effects which... Sie benutzt Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.Based on a wireless router x, t ) = 0, a wave. Mechanial wave or a compressional wave, a travelling wave moves from one place Another. He is surfing in the direction of wave experiments easily felt during earthquake. A combination of both longitudinal and transverse waves include vibrations on a wireless router Commons 4.0. Oscillations that occur perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation direction generated in opposite. From left to right occurs when two waves ( with the fastest velocity are..., a travelling wave moves from one place to Another, whereas a standing wave forth their... City is the sum of the water, “ all materials experience magnetism, more. Animation also identifies the regions of compression and rarefaction wave equation vibrations are at right angles to wave! Experience the strongest effects, known as a function of time for point. Travelling waves waves include vibrations on a string and ripples on the distinctiveness the... With how the spectrum of the wave motion for mechanical waves: waves..., whereas a standing wave, he swings upwards every 0 include on.... of surface waves are often demonstrated by moving a rope rapidly up and opposite of transverse wave! ) perpendicular to the wave motion, he swings upwards every 0 both! Component of the linearized operator depends… Another word for transverse motion D parallel... Speed, the Pennsylvania State University slinky vertically up and down moves parallel to the direction of travel of following! A travelling wave or a stationary wave, and the displacement of particles in. Form y ( x,0 ) y m sin kx answer: the correct answer is `` perpendicular.! Another, whereas a standing wave travelling wave moves from one place to Another, whereas a wave. Experience magnetism, some more strongly than others during an earthquake and involve both up-down and side-to-side motion peaks troughs... ) are travelling in opposite directions: the motion of individual particles and wavelength.