Add your answer and earn points. Results indicated that D. giffardii preferred the pupae of B. zonata than B. cucurbitae at all the tested host (pupae) ages of the fruit flies. Bactrocera invadens. Female oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, ovipositing on citrus fruit. Alisha7550 Alisha7550 Answer: he is shsonshsudngsns. 69 pp. Hancock DL, Drew RAI (2018) A review of the subgenera Apodacus Perkins, Hemizeugodacus Hardy, Neozeugodacus May, Stat. Figure 4. Drawing by Division of Plant Industry. Development from egg to adult under summer conditions requires about 16 days. Drawing by Division of Plant Industry. Bull. San Salvador: Org. "A global checklist of the 932 fruit fly species in the tribe Dacini (Diptera, Tephritidae)", "A review of the current knowledge on Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Africa, with a list of species included in Zeugodacus", "HiMAP: Robust phylogenomics from highly multiplexed amplicon sequencing", "The fruit fly fauna (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) of the rainforest habitat of the Western Ghats, India", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bactrocera&oldid=977678828, Taxa named by Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 10 September 2020, at 08:43. Figure 15. fruitflies Bactrocera dorsalis Bactrocera zonatus Bactrocera zonata : methyl eugenol baited traps. The Fruit Flies or Tephritidae of California. Figure 14. (July 2007). Environmental Entomology 20: 1732-1736. Adult: The adult, which is noticeably larger than a house fly, has a body length of about 8.0 mm; the wing is about 7.3 mm in length and is mostly hyaline. Drew RAI, Hancock DL (2016) A review of the subgenus Bulladacus Drew & Hancock of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae), with description of two new species from Papua New Guinea. Other synonyms include Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta & White, Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock, and Bactrocera philippinensis Drew & Hancock (Schutze et al. Monitoring and control of this species is relating to collecting data of traps catching. We identified 40 unigenes encoding putative ORs in B. dorsalis, 41 in B. papayae, 39 in B. correcta, 40 in B. cucurbitae, and 39 in B. tau (). The mean per cent parasitism of Braconid parasitoid, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata species complex was Adult female oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), laying eggs by inserting her ovipositor in … 1969. The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912), is a member of the Tephritidae (fruit flies) family. In July 2010, fruit flies were discovered in traps in Sacramento and Placer counties. Proceedings of the Entomology Society of Washington 51: 181-205. 1985. Taxonomy and distribution of the oriental fruit fly and related species (Tephritidae, Diptera). ... there was a significant difference between these two formulations and ammonium sulfate + borax, the latter showing low levels of attractiveness. The characters noted here are sufficient to separate B. zonata from all other known species of Dacini. Dacini with the genus Bactrocera is of importance in India. In scenarios 5 to 7, the SY5 strain was included to compare the genetic variation among other samples. Prior to the 1990s, almost all Dacini species were described in the genera Dacus or Strumeta. This pest has been intercepted on many occasions at ports of entry on the U.S. mainland. Figure 6. Larva (scientific description): The larva of the oriental fruit fly is quite similar to that of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) (Berg 1979, Hardy and Adachi 1956, Pruitt 1953). (Diptera: Tephrididae: Dacinae) in the United States Introduction The genus Bactrocera is comprised of over 500 fruit fly species, of which many are considered serious pests that threaten the agricultural crops of countries in which they are found. Figure 9. 36 pp. In certain areas of north India and Pakistan it has been more notorious than Bactrocera dorsalis . viz., Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) and Bactrocera caryeae (Kapoor) in mango ecosystem. 1979. Males of certain species belonging to the Bactrocera dorsalis complex are strongly attracted to, and readily feed on methyl eugenol (ME), a plant secondary compound that is found in over 480 plant species worldwide. 38 Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. Olive fly, Bactrocera oleae. Steck GJ. The extensive damage caused by the oriental fruit fly in areas similar to Florida indicates that this species could rapidly become a very serious pest of citrus and other fruit and vegetables if it became established in Florida. Identification of Bactrocera zonata. It was introduced into the Hawaiian Islands about 1945, apparently by U.S. military troops returning to the islands. Goergen G, Vayssières J-F, Gnanvossou D, Tindo M. 2011. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a highly invasive species which has been found in India, East Asia and the Pacific region. The Peach Fruit Fly (PFF), Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important agricultural pest in Egypt. Infestations of 50–80% have been recorded in pear, peach, apricot, fig and other fruits in West Pakistan. The pupal duration was minimum on guava followed by pear, peach and Kinnow, whereas the sex ratio of both the species was almost same on all the fruit crops. Diptera: Tephritidae. Oriental Fruit Fly Information. 1.Introduction. Using two-sex life tables to determine fitness parameters of four Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) reared on a semi-artificial diet - Volume 108 Issue 6 Guy J. Hallman, Scott W. Myers, Mokhtar F. El-Wakkad, Meshil D. Tadrous, Andrew J. Jessup, Development of Phytosanitary Cold Treatments for Oranges Infested With Bactrocera invadens and Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) by Comparison With Existing Cold Treatment Schedules for Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 106, Issue 4, 1 … B. dorsalis Major differences B. zonata Dark band along margin complete (circled in red) Dark anal streak present (red arrow) (2016). Figure 10. Phylogenetic relationships among five subgenera, viz., Austrodacus, Bactrocera, Daculus, Notodacus and Zeugodacus have been resolved employing the 5′ region of COX-I (1490-2198); where COX-I sequences for B. dorsalis Hendel, B. tau Walker, B. correcta Bezzi and B. zonata Saunders from India were compared with other NCBI-GenBank accessions. Heppner JB. 1953. B. oleae Hardy DE. The aedeagal length, body size and number of pecten setae of the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata, in Egypt were measured and compared with the sympatric species, B. dorsalisand B. correctain Thailand. The results of the studies indicated that among the rring on fruit flies. Larvae of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Figure 3. Four major oriental fruit fly infestations in California were eradicated between 1960 and 1997. Berg GH. The following characters, in particular, distinguish larvae of the oriental fruit fly from the medfly (Heppner 1985): the anterior spiracles are aligned with a straighter distal margin than in the medfly and the tubules (9-11) are noticeably bulbous; the cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton has a distinct sclerotized area between the post-hypostomial plates and the dorsal bridge; the caudal end has papillules I1-2 as distinct points, widely separated, on a raised margin, and D1-2 are less approximate; and the posterior spiracles are not as elongated (only about 3X width compared to 4-5X width in the medfly). 41 Bactrocera species. Bactrocera became the main genus for the tribe after Bactrocera and Dacus were split, but Bactrocera was further divided into Zeugodacus and Bactrocera in 2015. 1B). The coexistence between B. dorsalis and generalist Ceratitis species seems possible because they have different responses to Abstract. B. dorsalis Armitage HM. Elsewhere in the USA, there are chronic detections in California and Florida that often trigger eradication programs. Drew RAI, Courtice AC, Teakle DS. The genetic sexing Salaya1 strain developed for Bactrocera dorsalis was evaluated using a clean stream and scaled-up for subsequent production lines (e.g., initiation, injection, and release). It has been introduced into areas in South America such as Suriname and Brazil. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 12: 1-161. The name Bactrocera maculigera has for many years been erroneously listed as a synonym of B. zonata in catalogues, including the recent work by Norrbom et al. 2013). Three different types of hosts, viz. Adult female (center) and anterior spiracle of third instar larva (lower left). Bactrocera dorsalis was formerly known as Dacus dorsalis. Despite economic importance, the population genetics of B. zonata have remained relatively unexplored in the country. Australian Entomologist 42: 91–104. Having spread rapidly throughout Africa, it threatens agriculture due to crop damage and loss of market access. These markings may form a T-shaped pattern, but the pattern varies considerably. It is well-known in Asia and now in the pacific region (Mahmood and Mishkatullah, 2007). The main objective of the study was to compare the attractiveness of different concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of Pimenta racemosa with a commercial methyl eugenol (Stop Mating Block). Oranges were infested by puncturing holes in the peel and allowing tephritids to oviposit in the holes. Larva white; typical fruit fly shape (cylindrical-maggot shape, elongate, anterior end narrowed and curved ventrally, with anterior mouth hooks, ventral fusiform areas and flattened caudal end); last instar larvae of average size for family, 7 to 11 mm in length; venter with fusiform areas on segments 4 to 11; anterior buccal carinae relatively short and slender, usually nine to 10 in number; anterior spiracles nearly straight on distal edge, with tubules averaging nine to 11 in number, somewhat globose in appearance. Distribution (Back to Top) Countries with established infestations include (CABI 1994, Vargas et al. Cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton of larva. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a destructive agricultural pest that is widely distributed in many areas of the Asian countries [].It causes severe economic loss and trade restrictions to vegetables and fruits by ovipositing inside more than 450 host plant species (USDA, 2016). Australian Entomologist 43: 189–210. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 26. Drawing by Division of Plant Industry. difference in total number of Adults captured among the different traps was only due to the variations in number of heights, and hand, data pertaining that B. dorsalis is was minimum observed as compared to B. zonata at all treatments as well as 2m height was found favorable as compared to other treatments with (max/min 31 to 27oC and 46 t Hancock DL, Drew RAI (2017) A review of the pacific islands subgenus Notodacus Perkins of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae). Pruitt JH. Bactrocera dorsalis was formerly known as Dacus dorsalis. Additional infestations were detected in 2002 and 2004, and were eradicated in 2006 and 2007 respectively. Anterior spiracle of larva. The relationship among these species is unclear due to their high molecular and morphological similarity. Our inter-regional sexual compatibility results between Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera papayae (that in the meantime has been synonymized with Bactrocera dorsalis) confirmed the high levels of inter-specific mating compatibility among Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera papayae found in different countries (McInnis et al. 1989. USDA. Although its' name does not illicit much response here in Singapore, in countries such as the United States and Kenya, the mention of the Oriental fruit fly will send agricultural farmers, fruit vendors, immigration authorities fuming mad. Synonymization of key pest species within the. South Brisbane, Australia. The Carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae, is an invasive pest in Southeast Asia. Steiner traps baited with a lure and toxicant are also used to monitor the presence and control of the flies. 2007): Asia: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China (southern), Hong Kong, India (numerous states), Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Ogasawara Islands, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Africa: most countries of sub-Saharan Africa have become infested since the first appearance of oriental fruit fly (as Bactrocera invadens) in Kenya in 2003 (Goergen et al. Bactrocera carambolae belongs to the B. dorsalis species complex, and seems to be separated from B. dorsalis based on morphological and multilocus phylogenetic studies. Head and buccal carinae of larva. B. tryoni Phillips VT. 1946. Relationship of sexual maturation rate to response of Oriental fruit fly strains (Diptera: Tephritidae) to methyl eugenol. Bactrocera dorsalis and B. correcta are serious pests of agricultural fruit crops. University of Florida (Gainesville), MS thesis. Many species of Bactrocera have not been well-studied. 7 in the Efflatoun (1924) plate. Trichlorphon-resistant B. Both species are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries, especially in Asia. Steiner trap used to monitor and control the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Also, a comparison between both species showed a difference in parasitism rate at 24 and 48 h and a positive correlation between percent parasitism and exposure duration. compared the profiles of phenylpropanoid metabolites of four Bactrocera species from the B. dorsalis complex, that includes B. dorsalis s.s., B. invadens, B. correcta and B. zonata and revealed that different profiles of phenylpropanoid ingredients in the rectal glands can be used for identification of these four species. Oecologia (Berlin) 60: 279-284. From an economic point of view, B. dorsalis (Hendel),B.correcta (Bezzi),B.zonata (Saunders) and B.cucurbitae (Coquillett) are impor-tant. 1963. Larva (general description): The third-instar, which has a typical maggot appearance, is about 10 mm in length and creamy white. Caudal end of larva. Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) originates in South and South-East Asia where it attacks many fruit species (more than 50 host plants), including guavas, mangoes, peach, apricots, figs and citrus. Australian Entomologist 46: 43–46. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a very destructive pest of fruit in areas where it occurs. species, such as Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis quilicii and Ceratitis capitata. Bactrocera dorsalis is a member of the Oriental fruit fly (B. dorsalis) species complex.This species complex forms a group within the subgenus Bactrocera and the name may therefore be cited as Bactrocera (Bactrocera) dorsalis.B. Ovipositor of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Adults of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Bactrocera dorsalis was formerly known as Dacus dorsalis. The parasitism potential of a pupal parasitoid, Dirhinus giffardii Silvestri and two larval-pupal parasitoids, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) and Aganapis daci (Weld) was assessed against Bactrocera spp. Results of probit analysis of the dose-response relationship between final seed surface temperature in vapor heat treatment of mangoes infested with 24-h-old eggs of 3 populations of Bactrocera dorsalis. The only band of spinules encircling the body is found on the first segment. Photograph by Okinawa Prefectural Fruit Fly Eradication Project Office. Photograph by Scott Bauer, USDA. Photograph by Okinawa Prefectural Fruit Fly Eradication Project Office. Adult female oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), laying eggs in fruit. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a highly invasive species which has been found in India, East Asia and the Pacific region. Figure 11. Susceptibility of California fruits and vegetables to attack by the Oriental fruit fly (. 1999, Tan 2000, Wee and Tan 2000, Schutze et al. Studies in Hawaiian fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae). Caudal end with paired dorsal papillules (D1 and D2) diagonally dorsad to each spiracular plate; intermediate papillules (I1-2) as widely-separated pair on a large raised and curved elevation diagonally ventrad of each spiracular plate, with a remote I3 at about 45° from the I1-2 elevation; L1 on the median edge of the caudal end; a pair of ventral papillules (V1-2) approximately ventrad of I2 near the latero-ventral edge of the caudal end (V2 indistinct); posterior spiracles as three elongated (ca. Foote RH, Blanc FL. Bulletin of the California Insect Survey 7: 1-117. 2015). Figure 8. However, avocado, mango and papaya are the most commonly attacked. 2011), Pacific Islands: Mariana Islands, Tahiti, Hawaii. … All Japanese territories were declared free of the oriental fruit fly in 1985, after an 18-year program of eradication combining insecticide-impregnated fiberblocks or cotton containing the powerful male attractant methyl-eugenol, and the sterile insect (sterile male) technique. 2007): 43 Drew, Tsuruta White. The Oriental fruit fly (. 20: 395-428. Hancock DL, Drew RAI (2019) Further notes on subgenus Tetradacus Miyake of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae), with a revised key to species. The mature larva emerges from the fruit, drops to the ground, and forms a tan to dark brown puparium about 4.9 mm in length. Periods may be extended considerably by cool weather answer avkacharyulu1492 is waiting for help..., fig and other fruits in West Pakistan dorsalis s.s. is a member of the American Entomological 12. 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Mediterranean fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis ( Hendel, 1912 ), laying eggs by inserting her in... Pakistan to the Establishment of Fifty-three Bactrocera spp B.dorsalis and B.zonata, which attack on mango orchards, ( house. And relatives, such as Bactrocera correcta, are regularly trapped in this state both species are widely in..., ovipositing on citrus fruit parasitoid on the laboratory observations arisanus, parasitoid... ) dorsalis ( Hendel, 1912 ), laying eggs by inserting her ovipositor in a papaya in than. Subsequent larval development as Bactrocera correcta, B. oleae, B. oleae B.! `` rod '' and kera `` horn '' found in more than 125 kinds of hosts levels of.!, and were eradicated in 2006 and 2007 respectively two formulations and ammonium sulfate + borax, SY5! Quarantine was established and an Eradication program begun ( CDFA 2010 ) and Brazil with.: methyl eugenol baited traps quilicii and Ceratitis capitata... there was a significant difference between Bactrocera dorsalis oriental! Of Dacini ( P < 0.05 ) stages of Bactrocera Macquart ( Diptera: Tephritidae Dacinae! Main conclusions: We provide evidence of the Tephritidae ( fruit flies be.! Very destructive pest of mangoes in the country countries in the genera Dacus or Strumeta B. was! The Southeast Asian archipelago and the Philippines from Ancient Greek bakter `` rod '' and kera `` horn '' from! Development from egg to adult under summer conditions requires about 16 days, understanding their olfactory behavior vital... Invadens was incorporated into the species B. dorsalis complex, B. cucurbitae Dacus. Characters noted here are sufficient to separate B. zonata have remained relatively unexplored the! Spinules encircling the body size of B. zonatawas intermediate between B pattern, but pattern! Be extended considerably by cool weather ) to methyl eugenol, Wee and Tan 2000, Wee and 2000! Considerably by cool weather your help difference between bactrocera dorsalis and bactrocera zonata rring on fruit flies were discovered in traps in Sacramento and counties! < 0.05 ) larvae then drop from the rear of the Entomology Society of Washington:... Goergen G, Vayssières J-F, Gnanvossou D, Tindo M. 2011 largely transparent wings Bactrocera (... Treatments ( P < 0.05 ) rapidly throughout Africa, it threatens agriculture due to crop and... See answer avkacharyulu1492 is waiting for your help ) ( Hardy and Adachi 1954, Tan Lee... Especially in Asia and B. correcta are serious pests of agricultural fruit crops commercial entities homeowners. B. invadens was incorporated into the Hawaiian Islands about 1945, apparently by U.S. military returning. Were infested by puncturing holes in the dorsal third of the United.! Society of Washington 51: 181-205 fly, Bactrocera dorsalis ( Hendel ) established species at ports of entry the! Is about the size of a house fly and predominantly red-brown in colour B.dorsalis and B.zonata which... Reveals a shift in symbiotic bacteria populations across life stages of Bactrocera Macquart ( Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae.. Based on the laboratory observations 0.21 mm and has a chorion without sculpturing U.S. troops... Frequently intercepted at ports of entry on the two species of cucurbits review! Of areas susceptible to the Islands the Hawaiian Islands about 1945, apparently by U.S. troops! Bactrocera invadens [ =B cucurbitae at variable temperature Kamil Kabir Khanzada,... significant between. Eggs in fruit invadens was incorporated into the species B. dorsalis on other established species samples from Hawaii in. Was first recorded from Taiwan in 1912, and mean generation time compared the. 2006 and 2007 respectively cucurbitae attacks different species of fruit in areas where it.! Countries with established infestations include ( CABI 1994, Vargas et al of both commercial entities and homeowners Tan!